Sat May 06 2023

33 articles - From Saturday Apr 29 2023 to Saturday May 06 2023

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Am J Clin Nutr

Enteral long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and necrotizing enterocolitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Supplementation with DHA alone may increase risk of NEC. Concurrent supplementation with ARA needs to be considered when adding DHA to preterm infants' diet.

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MIND diet and cognitive function and its decline: A prospective study and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Our findings suggest that higher adherence to the MIND diet was associated with better cognitive function and potentially slower cognitive decline in later life. Further large-scale observational and interventional studies are warranted to elucidate the cognitive effects of the MIND diet. Prospero registry number This meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022330417.

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Liver Transpl

Type of donor liver transplant does not affect pregnancy outcomes - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The results suggest that pregnancy outcomes after LDLT and DDLT are comparable. Despite LDLT being statistically significantly associated with a higher rate of stillbirths, the association is weak and is unlikely to be clinically significant.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

A prospective study of waist circumference trajectories and incident cardiovascular disease in China: the Kailuan Cohort Study.

WC trajectory patterns were associated with altered risk of CVD among Chinese adults, even among people without BMI-defined obesity. When stratifying by age, the association was observed to be higher in younger adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113 338-347.

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Association of development quotient with nutritional status of vitamins B6, B12, and folate in 6-59-month-old children: Results from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019).

In Brazil, the DQ is lower among older children, and those with vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B6 status was directly associated with the DQ in children aged 24-59 months.

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Associations of prenatal methylmercury exposure and maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid status with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 7 years of age: results from the Seychelles Child Development Study Nutrition Cohort 2.

Our findings do not support an association between prenatal MeHg exposure or maternal DHA and AA status with neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 7 y. The roles of n-6 and n-3 PUFA in child neurodevelopment need further research. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113 304-313.

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B-vitamin treatment modifies the mortality risk associated with calcium channel blockers in patients with suspected stable angina pectoris: A prospective cohort study.

In patients with suspected SAP, CCB treatment was associated with increased mortality risk primarily among patients not treated with B-vitamins. Clinical trial registration-url Clinical Trial Registration-Unique identifier (NCT number) NCT00354081.

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Best (but oft forgotten) statistical practices: Measuring real-world intervention effectiveness using electronic health data.

However, real-world intervention effectiveness studies using electronic health data face many challenges including data quality, selection bias, confounding by indication, and lack of generalizability. In this article, we describe the key barriers to generating high-quality evidence from real-world intervention effectiveness studies and suggest statistical best practices for addressing them.

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Estimating the serum folate concentration that corresponds to the red blood cell folate concentration threshold associated with optimal neural tube defects prevention: A population-based biomarker survey in Southern India.

Objectives This study aimed to estimate the serum folate insufficiency threshold corresponding to the RBC folate threshold for NTD prevention and examine how this threshold is modified by vitamin B insufficiency. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; xx:xx-xx.

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Fetal iron uptake from recent maternal diet and the maternal RBC iron pool.

Iron absorption doubled from T2 to T3 as maternal TBI declined. Women with low TBI had a greater decrease in RBC iron enrichment and transferred more RBC-derived iron to their neonate. These findings suggest maternal RBC iron serves as a significant source of iron for the fetus, particularly in women with depleted body iron stores. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 115 1069-1079.

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Healthful plant-based dietary pattern and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a multiethnic population: a cohort study.

Greater adherence to plant-based diets rich in healthy plant foods and low in less healthy plant foods is associated with a reduced risk of HCC in a multiethnic population.

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Leisure-time and study-time Internet use and dietary risk factors in Korean adolescents.

Our data suggest that prolonged Internet use, particularly during leisure time, is associated with less healthful dietary behaviors in Korean adolescents. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114 1791-1801.

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Metabolic signature of healthy lifestyle and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: observational and Mendelian randomization study.

Our findings implicate the metabolic signature reflecting healthy lifestyle as a potential causal mediator in the development of RA, highlighting the importance of early lifestyle intervention and metabolic tracking for precise prevention of RA.

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Probiotics for children with uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition (PruSAM study): A randomized controlled trial in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

This trial supports using probiotics for the treatment of children with uncomplicated SAM. Its effect on diarrhea could positively affect nutritional programs in resource-limited settings. This trial was registered as PACTR202108842939734.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Predicting Endoscopic Improvement in Ulcerative Colitis Using the Ulcerative Colitis Severity Index.

The UCSI is an internally validated prognostic scoring tool that accurately predicts 1-year EI at baseline among moderate-to-severe UC patients initiating therapy. Further validation with additional datasets is needed.

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J Crohns Colitis

Obefazimod: A First-in-class Drug for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis.

With a novel mechanism of action, obefazimod is an orally available small molecule with anti-inflammatory properties through the specific and selective upregulation of miR-124 expression. The aim of this paper is to critically review the available evidence related to pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, and to discuss the potential clinical implications of this first-in-class oral small molecule.

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Liver Transpl

Reduced metabolic flexibility is a predictor of weight gain among liver transplant recipients.

Inefficient transition between biofuels (carbohydrates and fatty acids) is associated with weight gain in LT recipients that is independent of clinical metabolic risk. These data offer novel insight into the physiology of obesity post-LT with potential to develop new diagnostics and therapeutics.

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Pancreatology

Machine learning versus regression for prediction of sporadic pancreatic cancer.

The three models complement each other, but each has unique contributions.

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Mortality and costs related to severe acute pancreatitis in the intensive care units of Australia and New Zealand (ANZ), 2003-2020.

In critically-ill SAP patients in ANZ, no change in mortality has been noted over nearly two decades. There was a slight reduction in hospital stay (1 day), while the length of ICU stay remained unchanged. Given the significant costs related to care of patients with SAP in ICU, these findings highlight the need to prioritise resource allocation for healthcare delivery and targeted clinical research to identify treatments aimed at reducing mortality.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Am J Clin Nutr

Do probiotics have a role in treatment of diarrhea among children with severe acute malnutrition?

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Fatty acid supplementation and health outcomes in preterm infants: Hand-waving or true biological impact?

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First things first-addressing frank nutrient deficiencies must remain a priority in the age of precision nutrition.

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How much iron does a healthy pregnant woman require?

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National-level action is needed to achieve food system transformation.

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The power of sample size calculations that minimize costs.

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J Crohns Colitis

Thiopurines for Ulcerative Colitis: Old Favourite or Old Hat?

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

A Concept for Comprehensive Food is Medicine Networks or Centers of Excellence.

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Improving urban food systems requires emphasizing nutrition equity in interventions and policy action.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Attitudes Toward Integrative Medicine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Survey Among Israeli Inflammatory Bowel Disease Experts.

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Liver Transpl

Controlling Instability at reperfusion: another benefit of normothermic machine perfusion using OCS liver.

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Maximizing outcomes by donor-recipient age matching in liver transplantation.

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Survival following liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma after implementation of MMaT-3 policy.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Am J Clin Nutr

Whole grain definitions do not need to be complicated.

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